Reasoning GP

Clinical pathways

Fast visual pathways for busy clinicians — one structured flow per presentation, colour-coded by Safety / Diagnose / Refer / Treat / Lifestyle, with a one-tap "why" on every step. Pick a presentation to open its pathway.

201 / 201 pathways
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Cardiovascular

5
🦵 Unilateral Leg Swelling DVT first: two-level Wells, D-dimer, scan within 4 hours or interim anticoagulation (NICE NG158) · cellulitis · ruptured Baker's cyst · compartment syndrome · lymphoedema · pelvic mass → ❤️ Chest Pain 10-minute consultation pathway for undifferentiated chest pain in adults → 💓 Palpitations Structured 9-step pathway for UK GP: risk stratification, diagnosis, and management → 🦵 Ankle Swelling Covers bilateral & unilateral oedema including cardiac, renal, hepatic, venous, DVT and medication causes → 💉 Hypotension Orthostatic · septic shock · Addison's · drug-induced · neurogenic · fludrocortisone · midodrine · falls (STOPP) →
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Respiratory

4
💉 Haemoptysis Structured 9-step pathway · Massive haemoptysis · NG12 lung (40+) · PE · TB · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 🌬️ Breathlessness Systematic assessment for UK primary care · 10-minute consultation framework → 🌬️ Chronic Cough ≥8 weeks · UACS, GORD, cough-variant asthma, eosinophilic bronchitis · cancer exclusion → 🌬️ Acute Cough CRB-65 · pneumonia · PE Wells/CTPA · haemoptysis 40+ → lung suspected cancer referral · pertussis notification · COPD rescue pack →
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Gastroenterology & Liver

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💧 Acute Diarrhoea in Adults Diarrhoea under 14 days · dehydration and sepsis first · bloody diarrhoea and STEC · C. difficile · travel · notification, 48 h exclusion and sick-day rules → 💉 Haematemesis & Upper GI Bleed 999 active bleed · melaena = admit · Glasgow-Blatchford · urea:creatinine · NG12 suspected cancer referral → 🤢 Nausea & Vomiting (Adults) Morning vomiting + headache = raised ICP · pregnancy test first · antiemetic by mechanism · NG12: 55+ with weight loss → consider non-urgent OGD → 🤰 Abdominal Mass AAA rupture 999 · NICE NG12 routes by site (FIT, gynae referral, urgent USS) · Virchow’s node · imaging → 🤰 Abdominal Pain Covers acute, subacute, and chronic presentations · Adults ≥18 · UK NHS pathway → 💧 Chronic Diarrhoea Diarrhoea persisting ≥4 weeks · Adults ≥18 · UK NHS pathway → 🟤 Constipation Covers new-onset, chronic, and opioid-induced constipation · Adults ≥18 · UK NHS pathway → 🌬️ Dyspepsia RCGP SCA algorithm · UK GP trainees & early-career GPs · 10-minute appointment guide → 💉 Rectal Bleeding Covers fresh PR bleeding, melaena, occult blood, and haematochezia · Adults ≥18 · UK NHS pathway → 🟡 Jaundice in Adults Structured approach to diagnosis, investigation, and management of adult jaundice in primary care → 🧪 Abnormal Liver Function Tests Systematic approach from incidental finding to diagnosis · UK Primary Care Pathway → 🤕 Anal Pain Fissure · abscess · haemorrhoids · cancer exclusion · PR examination pathway → 🌿 Anal Itchiness (Pruritus Ani) Hygiene · threadworms · skin disease · contact dermatitis · cancer exclusion → 🔴 Anal Lumps Haemorrhoids · skin tags · warts · abscess · rectal prolapse · cancer exclusion → 😮‍💨 Hiccups Benign self-limiting vs serious cause · phrenic nerve · CNS · metabolic · drug-induced · palliative → 🚽 Faecal Incontinence Passive vs urge · obstetric injury · sphincter defect · rectal prolapse · overflow · NICE CG49 → 🤰 Bloating IBS Rome IV · ovarian cancer CA125 · coeliac · calprotectin · FODMAP · FIT first →
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Renal, Urology & Men’s Health

15
🧪 Raised Creatinine or Falling eGFR AKI or CKD? Stage against baseline, check potassium, hold sick-day drugs, find the cause. → 🚻 Urinary Frequency, Urgency and Nocturia Polyuria or small volumes? · UTI, overactive bladder, diabetes, hypercalcaemia, drugs, nocturnal polyuria, prostate, prolapse, bladder pain syndrome · NG12 haematuria criteria · bladder training and first-line drugs → 🧪 Proteinuria Confirm persistence, quantify with ACR, stage CKD, exclude myeloma. → 💧 Incidental Renal Mass Bosniak I–IV cysts · suspected cancer referral: solid enhancing mass · AML >4cm · partial nephrectomy → 🔬 Abnormal Semen Analysis WHO 2021 values · repeat SA before deciding · CBAVD → CFTR · azoospermia referral → 💉 Haematuria From incidental dipstick finding to urgent cancer pathway · UK Primary Care → 💎 Renal Colic UK primary care algorithm · RCGP SCA preparation · Based on NICE, EAU Guidelines, BAUS → 🔴 Acute and Chronic Scrotal Pain Torsion and emergency screen first · risk-based epididymo-orchitis treatment · chronic pain ≥3 months · UK primary care → 🔴 Haematospermia Structured 9-step pathway for blood in semen · UK GP / RCGP SCA preparation → 🔵 Scrotal Lumps and Swelling Emergencies first · solid testicular mass → suspected cancer pathway · urgent direct-access USS per local pathway → 💧 Penile Discharge Gonorrhoea · NGU · chlamydia · GUM · BASHH · ceftriaxone · doxycycline · partner notification → 🔵 Penile Irritation Balanitis · STI screen · lichen sclerosus · penile cancer exclusion · phimosis · contact dermatitis → 🧔 Testosterone Deficiency Hypogonadism · two morning levels · pituitary exclusion · TRT · fertility · prostate surveillance → 💧 Dysuria UTI · STI · prostatitis · interstitial cystitis · atrophy · haematuria suspected cancer referral · NICE NG112 → 🤕 Anogenital Ulcers Syphilis chancre TPHA/RPR · HSV PCR · LGV · 4th-gen HIV + PEP 72h · Behçet's · non-healing ulcer: suspected cancer referral →
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Endocrine & Metabolic

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🍬 Raised HbA1c or High Blood Glucose Confirm diabetes, exclude DKA, HHS and type 1, check the NG12 pancreatic flag, start NG28 first-line. → 🍬 Glycosuria Glucose in the urine — renal threshold versus new diabetes. → 🍬 Hypoglycaemia Level 3 → 999 / IM glucagon / Baqsimi · sulfonylurea hypo 24–48h obs · 15-15 rule → 🧪 Hypercalcaemia Corrected calcium >2.6 mmol/L · Primary care to acute pathway · Primary hyperparathyroidism · Malignancy → 🧂 Hyponatraemia UK primary care pathway · Na⁺ <135 mmol/L · GP trainees & early-career GPs · SCA-ready → ⚡ Hypokalaemia UK primary care pathway for investigating and managing K+ <3.5 mmol/L → 🔬 Gynaecomastia Systematic GP pathway: male breast tissue enlargement, any age · 10-minute consultation framework → ⚡ Hyperkalaemia K⁺ >5.5 · ECG changes · ACEi/ARB · CKD · Addison's · patiromer · sick day rules → 🦴 Hypocalcaemia Tetany / seizure = 999 · correct for albumin · PTH · vitamin D · QT prolongation → 🔬 Hyperprolactinaemia Prolactinoma · pituitary MRI · macroprolactin (PEG) · cabergoline · drug-induced · visual fields · Endocrine Society → ⚖️ Weight Gain Cushing's · drug-induced · semaglutide · DiRECT remission · NAFLD FIB-4 · bariatric surgery · metabolic syndrome →
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Neurology

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🧠 Headache Structured 9-step pathway for UK GP trainees and early-career GPs · SCA exam ready → 🌀 Dizziness RCGP SCA algorithm · 9-step systematic approach · UK GP 10-minute consultation → 🌀 Vertigo 10-minute consultation pathway · RCGP SCA exam ready · NICE / BPPV Epley guidelines → 🌀 Ataxia Acute vs chronic incoordination — cerebellar stroke, toxicity, Wernicke's, B12, hereditary & sensory causes → ⚡ Fits / Funny Turns Covers seizure, syncope, TIA, hypoglycaemia, cardiac arrhythmia, and psychogenic causes → ⚡ Sensory Neuropathy UK primary care pathway · RCGP SCA preparation · Peripheral neuropathy workup → 🌀 Confusion — acute confusion and delirium in adults Assessment and referral guide for adults with new or worsening confusion or delirium → ⚡ Tingling & Paraesthesia Peripheral neuropathy · entrapment · radiculopathy · central causes · B12 · diabetes · MS → 💫 Transient Loss of Consciousness Syncope · reflex vasovagal · cardiac · orthostatic · epilepsy · DVLA · NICE CG109 → 🦶 Foot Drop Common peroneal nerve · L4/L5 radiculopathy · cord compression · MND · stroke · AFO · DVLA → 🤝 Tremors Essential tremor · Parkinson's · cerebellar · drug-induced · Wilson's · serotonin syndrome · propranolol · NICE NG71 → 🧠 Memory Deficit Delirium vs dementia · MoCA · reversible causes · donepezil · LBD caution · DVLA → 🦵 Leg Weakness Cauda equina/MSCC emergency · GBS · stroke · UMN vs LMN · foot drop · dermatomyositis malignancy screen → 😣 Facial Pain GCA same-day · trigeminal neuralgia · carotid dissection · Ludwig's angina · TMD · dental abscess · NPC urgent ENT referral (local pathway) →
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Mental Health

6
🌙 Insomnia and Sleep Problems Red flags · sleep diary · OSA, RLS, mood · CBT-I first · gated hypnotics · daridorexant · deprescribing → 😟 Anxiety and Panic Symptoms Physical mimics · GAD · panic · PTSD · OCD · social & health anxiety · NICE CG113 stepped care → 🌧️ Low Mood Suicide risk & safeguarding · depression · bipolar · grief · perinatal · organic causes · NICE NG222 → 🧠 Psychosis GP assessment, safety, referral and early management pathway → 👁️‍🗨️ Hallucinations Modality-specific assessment — organic, psychiatric & pharmacological causes → 🧠 Medically Unexplained Symptoms Functional disorder · CBT · symptom legitimacy · biopsychosocial model →
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ENT & Dental

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👂 Ear Discharge (Otorrhoea) Structured 9-step pathway · Otitis externa · Perforation · Cholesteatoma · Necrotising OE · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 💧 Dry Mouth (Xerostomia) Sjögren's · anticholinergic burden review · parotid mass urgent ENT referral (local pathway) · pilocarpine · fluoride · saliva substitutes → 👂 Hearing Loss Primary care assessment, investigation and management pathway · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 👂 Tinnitus UK primary care pathway for new and persistent tinnitus presentations in adults → 💉 Epistaxis UK primary care pathway for managing anterior and posterior epistaxis in all ages → 🔍 Neck Lump Systematic approach to diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of a neck mass in primary care → 💨 Halitosis UK primary care pathway · RCGP SCA preparation · Oral, ENT & systemic causes → 🦷 Jaw Pain UK primary care algorithm · RCGP SCA preparation · Based on NICE, SIGN, BSSO Guidelines → 👂 Otalgia (Ear Pain) Primary vs referred · otoscopy, dental, TMJ & sinister causes → 🗣️ Hoarseness of Voice Laryngeal cancer exclusion · vocal cord, systemic & neurological causes → 🍽️ Dysphagia Oropharyngeal vs oesophageal · cancer exclusion & functional management → 😕 Facial Swelling Angio-oedema airway emergency · dental abscess · parotitis · SVC obstruction · cellulitis · malignancy → 😷 Sore Throat Epiglottitis (999) · quinsy · FeverPAIN / Centor · EBV · Lemierre's · head & neck suspected cancer referral → 👄 Mouth Ulcers Recurrent aphthous · oral cancer suspected cancer referral · SJS · Behçet's · coeliac · NICE NG12 → 👅 Tongue Problems Glossitis · geographic · black hairy · burning mouth · macroglossia · tongue cancer referral → 👃 Loss of Smell (Anosmia) Post-viral · COVID · nasal polyps · meningioma · Parkinson's · Kallmann · olfactory training → 👃 Nasal Congestion & Rhinorrhoea Allergic rhinitis INCS · CRS (EPOS) · polyps · CSF leak · rhinitis medicamentosa → 👅 Taste Disorders — Loss of Taste & Distorted Taste Loss of taste (ageusia) · distorted taste (dysgeusia) · taste vs smell · drugs · zinc · post-COVID · Bell's / Ramsay Hunt · burning mouth → 👅 Sore Mouth & Tongue 3-week ulcer → suspected cancer referral · leukoplakia biopsy · aphthous · oral candida · ICS rinse · burning mouth · MRONJ →
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Dermatology

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💧 Widespread or Blistering Rash in Adults SJS/TEN, erythroderma, eczema herpeticum, DRESS and meningococcal disease first · bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis · drug eruptions, chickenpox, urticaria vs urticarial vasculitis, guttate psoriasis, pityriasis rosea, secondary syphilis → 🦵 Leg Ulcers ABPI 0.8–1.3 before compression · diabetic foot = 24h referral · non-healing 12 weeks → biopsy (Marjolin's) → 🧴 Widespread Itch Excluding primary skin disease · Identifying systemic causes · NICE-aligned pathway → 💇 Hair Loss UK primary care pathway · RCGP SCA preparation · All hair loss types including scarring alopecia → 🔴 Maculopapular Rash Meningococcaemia 999 · SJS/TEN · DRESS · Kawasaki · secondary syphilis · measles notification → 🔬 Pigmented Skin Lesions Melanoma ABCDE + EFG · suspected cancer referral (do not excise in primary care) · dermoscopy · actinic keratosis · BCC · lentigo maligna →
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Ophthalmology

9
👁️ Watery Eye (Epiphora) Dry-eye paradox · CNLDO · dacryocystitis · NLD obstruction (DCR) · lacrimal sac carcinoma: urgent local referral → 👁️ Red Eye GP primary care pathway · RCGP SCA exam standard · UK NHS guidelines → 👁️ Blurry / Reduced Vision Covers acute visual loss, gradual visual deterioration, diplopia, refractive error, and ocular emergencies → 👁️ Vision Loss 9-step diagnostic pathway · Ophthalmic emergencies to chronic disease · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 👁️ Diplopia Systematic GP assessment of double vision — monocular vs binocular, benign vs emergency → 👁️ Flashes & Floaters Urgent assessment of new visual symptoms | UK primary care & ophthalmology interface → 👁️ Itchy Eye Allergic conjunctivitis · dry eye · blepharitis · contact lens · vernal · uveitis red flag → 👁️ Eye Swelling (Periorbital) Orbital cellulitis emergency · pre-septal vs orbital · chalazion · angio-oedema · thyroid eye disease → 👁️ Foreign Body in Eye IOFB CT 999 · chemical burn irrigation · subtarsal FB · rust ring · fluorescein →
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Women’s Health

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💉 Heavy Menstrual Bleeding NICE NG88 history-led assessment · FBC in all · examination and ultrasound when indicated · intermenstrual, postcoital and postmenopausal routes · LNG-IUS and first-line treatment today → 🎗️ Breast Lump & Breast Symptoms Structured 9-step pathway · NICE NG12 breast criteria · Women and men · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 🌸 Pelvic Pain in Women Pregnancy test first · ectopic / torsion same-day · endometriosis NG73 · CA-125 above the NG12 age-specific threshold → urgent USS · mass or ascites = suspected cancer referral → 🌸 Amenorrhoea UK GP / RCGP SCA pathway · Covers primary, secondary, hypothalamic, PCOS, premature ovarian insufficiency & more → 🌸 Irregular Periods Structured 9-step pathway · Reproductive age women · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 🌸 Mastalgia UK primary care pathway · RCGP SCA exam preparation · 10-minute appointment guide → 💉 Vaginal Bleeding Covers premenopausal, perimenopausal & postmenopausal presentations · Pregnancy-related & non-pregnancy causes → 🔬 Vaginal Discharge Differentiating BV, thrush, trichomonas, chlamydia, gonorrhoea, PID · BASHH 2023 · NICE-aligned → 🤰 Itchiness in Pregnancy Obstetric cholestasis (ICP) · Dermatoses of pregnancy · Candida · Safe management · RCOG GTG 43 → 💜 Dyspareunia (Painful Sex) Superficial vs deep · endometriosis · vulvodynia · GSM · STI · safeguarding → 🤰 Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy Ectopic · miscarriage · praevia · abruption · GTD · anti-D · EPAU · NICE NG126 → 💉 Bleeding on HRT Endometrial cancer: suspected cancer referral · unscheduled bleeding >6 months · pipelle · atrophy · Mirena → ⚕️ Nipple Problems Paget's · bloodstained/single-duct discharge · new retraction (one nipple, 50+ → suspected cancer referral) · galactorrhoea prolactin/MRI · male breast suspected cancer referral → 🦴 Vaginal Mass PMB 55+ suspected cancer referral · postcoital bleeding speculum · rhabdomyosarcoma (child) very urgent referral · prolapse POP-Q · ring pessary · pyometra →
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Haematology

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💉 Anaemia UK primary care algorithm for adults presenting with low Hb or suspected anaemia · NICE/BSH-aligned → 🟣 Bruising Systematic approach to evaluation, investigation, and management of new or worsening bruising in adults → 💉 Thrombocytopenia Investigation and management pathway for platelets <150 × 10⁹/L in adults → 🔴 Thrombocytosis Investigation and management pathway for platelets >450 × 10⁹/L in adults → 🔬 Leucocytosis Investigation and management pathway for WCC >11 × 10⁹/L in adults → ⚪ Leucopenia Investigation and management pathway for WCC <4 × 10⁹/L in adults → ⚕️ Polycythaemia Investigation and management pathway for Hb >165 g/L (M) or >160 g/L (F), or Hct >0.52 (M) or >0.48 (F) → 🔵 Lymphadenopathy Localised vs generalised · lymphoma · metastatic cancer · infection · 6-week rule · suspected cancer referral → 🔴 Purpura & Petechiae Meningococcal sepsis = 999 · non-blanching rash · ITP · vasculitis · leukaemia · NAI → 🔬 Eosinophilia Hypereosinophilic syndrome · EGPA (Churg-Strauss) · strongyloides · DRESS · atopy · parasites · imatinib → 🌱 Splenomegaly EBV rupture risk · CML · portal hypertension · myelofibrosis · OPSI · lymphoma suspected cancer referral →
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Musculoskeletal

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🦵 Thigh PainDVT · acute ischaemia · compartment syndrome · hip fracture · meralgia / radiculopathy · NICE NG12 sarcoma → 🦵 Leg PainDVT · acute & critical ischaemia · compartment syndrome · sciatica / cauda equina · claudication · NICE NG12 sarcoma → 🦴 Back Pain — Acute and Chronic Acute, subacute and chronic (>12 weeks) low back pain ± sciatica · cauda equina = 999 · red vs yellow flags · STarT Back · NICE NG59 · deprescribing → ❤️ Neck Pain RCGP SCA pathway · UK primary care · 9-step algorithm → 💪 Shoulder Pain Structured pathway for acute and chronic shoulder presentations in adults · UK primary care → 🦵 Knee Pain RCGP SCA pathway · UK primary care · 9-step algorithm → 🍑 Hip Pain RCGP SCA pathway · UK primary care · 9-step algorithm → 🖐️ Hand Pain UK primary care pathway · RCGP SCA preparation · 10-minute appointment framework → 🦶 Foot Pain RCGP SCA pathway · UK primary care · 9-step algorithm → 😣 Generalised Body Aches Structured approach to widespread pain | UK primary care → 🦶 Ankle Pain Ottawa rules · ligament sprain grades · Achilles rupture (Simmonds) · gout · OA → 💪 Elbow Pain / Swelling Tennis / golfer’s elbow · olecranon bursitis · cubital tunnel · radial head fracture · septic arthritis → 🦴 Joint Pain / Swelling Septic arthritis emergency · inflammatory vs mechanical · RA / gout / reactive · DAS28 · DMARDs → 🏃 Groin Pain Inguinal hernia · hip OA · adductor strain · lymphadenopathy · femoral hernia · meralgia paraesthetica → 🖐️ Finger Pain Flexor tenosynovitis (Kanavel) 999 · septic arthritis · RA anti-CCP window · gout · trigger finger · mallet finger → 🦶 Toe Pain Diabetic foot osteomyelitis · Charcot foot · gout podagra · Morton's neuroma · ingrown toenail · hallux valgus → 🦴 Fractures Ottawa Rules · open fracture 999 · compartment syndrome · NAI · scaphoid · fragility fracture FRAX/DEXA · hip 36h →
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General & Systemic

10
🧓 Acutely Unwell Older Adult "Off legs" or "not themselves": sepsis, delirium, falls, medicines, frailty, ReSPECT and where to care. → 🦠 Recurrent Infections in Adults When to suspect immunodeficiency; diabetes, HIV, blood cancer, drugs, asplenia; boils, UTI, thrush. → 😴 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Driving & DVLA · OSA (STOP-BANG, Epworth, NG202) · insufficient sleep · shift work · narcolepsy → 🌡️ Fever in Adults NEWS2 not the thermometer · neutropenic sepsis 999 · fever + travel = malaria · PUO >3 weeks · NG12 FBC 48h → 💧 Lumps & Bumps Lipoma and cyst versus the soft-tissue sarcoma red flags. → ⚖️ Unintentional Weight Loss Covers cancer red flags, metabolic causes, malabsorption, psychological, and obesity pharmacotherapy → 🌙 Night Sweats 9-step diagnostic and management pathway · UK GP / RCGP SCA preparation → 🤕 Falls Multifactorial falls risk assessment | UK primary care | NICE NG249 → 😴 Tiredness / Fatigue Excluding organic, psychiatric & lifestyle causes · TATT workup → 🍽️ Anorexia (Loss of Appetite) Suspected cancer referral · MEED (replaced MARSIPAN) · MUST score · refeeding · cachexia · eating disorders · NICE NG69 →
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Paediatrics

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🧩 Behaviour Concerns in Children Safeguarding first · ADHD · autism · anxiety · conduct problems · school liaison · CAMHS & paediatrics → 🧒 Headache in Children Structured 9-step pathway · HeadSmart red flags · Migraine · Children under 16 · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 🌡️ Rash with Fever in a Child Structured 9-step pathway · Non-blanching rash · NG143 traffic light · Exclusion advice · UK GP / RCGP SCA → 💉 Suspected Diabetes in Children NICE NG18 · the 4 T's · capillary glucose + ketones · exclude DKA · same-day paediatric diabetes referral → 🧒 Suspected Cancer in Children & Young People NICE NG12 · petechiae/hepatosplenomegaly → immediate · very urgent FBC 48h · absent red reflex · parental concern → ⚕️ Abdominal Pain in Children Appendicitis | Ages 0–12 years | UK Primary Care Pathway → 🌬️ Cough in Children NICE NG120 | BTS/NICE/SIGN NG245 Asthma | Ages 0–12 years | UK Primary Care Pathway → 🌡️ Fever in Children NICE NG143 | Traffic Light System | Ages 0–12 years | UK Primary Care Pathway → 🤢 Vomiting in Children NICE CG84 | Ages 0–12 years | UK Primary Care Pathway → 🦵 Limping in Children Ages 0–16 · Differential diagnosis, safety exclusion, investigation & management pathway → 🦴 Paediatric MSK Presentations UK primary care pathway for musculoskeletal symptoms in children → 🧠 Developmental and Speech Delay in Children Global and domain-specific delay with a dedicated speech & language pathway · regression red flag · hearing in parallel with SALT · M-CHAT-R/F · DLD · 0–5 years primary focus · UK primary care → 📏 Faltered Growth in Children Structured assessment for weight faltering / failure to thrive · 0–5 years primary focus · UK primary care → 👶 Unsettled Baby Structured pathway for excessive crying / colic in infants 0–6 months · UK primary care → 🌬️ Wheezy Child Acute asthma · VIW · bronchiolitis · foreign body · BTS/SIGN · WAAP · NICE NG245 → 🌙 Sleep Problems in Children OSA · behavioural insomnia · parasomnias · safeguarding · CBT-I · melatonin pathway → 🟡 Neonatal Jaundice Jaundice <24 hrs = emergency · biliary atresia (pale stools) · kernicterus · NICE CG98 → 🚽 Daytime Wetting (Children) OAB bladder retraining · constipation · ectopic ureter · oxybutynin · ERIC · timed voiding → ⚕️ Haematuria in Children Wilms 999 · PSGN · HSP nephritis · Alport · uPCR · glomerular vs non-glomerular → 📏 Short Stature Growth velocity · bone age · Turner karyotype · coeliac · GH deficiency · CDGP →
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Lab Results

23Open the Lab Results hub →
🔬 Macrocytosis High MCV · B12/folate · alcohol · MDS · hypothyroid → 💉 Microcytosis Low MCV · iron deficiency · thalassaemia · ACD → 🦠 Lymphocytosis High lymphocytes · CLL · EBV · pertussis → 🧬 Lymphopenia Low lymphocytes · HIV · steroids · CVID → 💉 Pancytopenia All cell lines low · marrow failure · AML/MDS · urgent → 💉 Normocytic anaemia ACD vs early IDA · haemolysis (retic/DAT) · CKD · marrow failure · TTP → 💉 Low ferritin Iron deficiency · GI workup · oral/IV iron · coeliac · menorrhagia → 🧬 Vitamin B12 deficiency Pernicious anaemia · neuro SACD · IM hydroxocobalamin · metformin → 🔴 High ferritin HLH (>10,000) emergency · haemochromatosis C282Y/transferrin sat · venesection · HCC surveillance · DIOS → 🥦 Low folate Check B12 BEFORE treating (SACD risk) · MTX 5mg weekly · periconception 400mcg vs 5mg · coeliac · valproate → 🔋 Hypomagnesaemia PPI-induced · refractory hypokalaemia · QT · torsades → 💧 Hypernatraemia Na⁺ >145 · correct ≤0.5 mmol/L/h (chronic) · Na >160 999 · diabetes insipidus · lithium NDI · HHS → 🦴 Abnormal bone profile Calcium · PTH · Paget's · osteomalacia · raised ALP → ☀️ Vitamin D deficiency 25-OH-D · loading regimen · osteomalacia · rickets → 🦋 Abnormal TFTs TSH interpretation · Graves · Hashimoto · pregnancy · subclinical → ⚕️ Female hormone abnormalities POI (FSH >25) HRT essential · PCOS Rotterdam · day-21 progesterone · virilising tumour (testosterone >5) urgent referral · pituitary apoplexy → 🔴 Abnormal lipid profile Is it real · secondary causes · suspected FH · QRISK3 · targets → 🔴 High triglycerides Pancreatitis risk · metabolic syndrome · fibrates · EPA → 🔥 Raised CRP / ESR Sepsis · GCA same-day · PMR · myeloma · vasculitis → 🧬 Abnormal immunoglobulins MGUS · myeloma CRAB · serum FLC · CVID · paraprotein → 🔬 Abnormal tumour markers PSA · CA125 RMI · CEA · AFP · NICE NG12 thresholds → 🔬 Raised PSA Age-adjusted thresholds · mpMRI before biopsy (NG131) · malignant DRE → suspected cancer referral · ADT · MSCC → 🧬 Allergy test abnormalities Sensitisation vs clinical allergy · sIgE needs history · tryptase/mastocytosis · penicillin de-labelling · OAS · venom immunotherapy → 💪 Raised creatine kinase (CK) ULN multiples · rhabdomyolysis (>50× / AKI) · statin myopathy · necrotising myositis · secondary causes →
Educational use. 201 clinical pathways listed here, including 23 lab-result pathways (also grouped on the Lab Results hub), anchored to NICE guidance (2026). Each is a reference tool for UK GP trainees and early-career GPs — always verify against current local guidance and the patient's individual context.